| Urban Transport Eras | Downtown | Streetcar Intersections & Transit Stops | Auto Strips on Main Transit Routes | Early Postwar Shopping Centers | Modern Malls & Festival Markets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I. To late 1880s... Walking, Horsecars, Steam Railroads | (1) Downtown Established | |||||
| II. 1890-1920s Electric Streetcar Era | (2) Downtowns remodeled to accommodate streetcars | (3) New commercial centers built at intersections | ||||
| III. 1920s-1945 Recreational Automobile Era | (4) Parking garages, lots added downtown | (5) Auto-oriented commercial near transit intersections: Sears, Wards | (6) New commercial along auto arterials: University Av., Excelsior Blvd., Wayzata Blvd. | |||
| IV. 1945-1960s Freeway Auto Era | (7) Freeways into downtown; municipal parking ramps, skyways; Nicollet Mall | (8) Parking added to prosperous commercial centers at former streetcar stops: 50th & France; Highland Park | (9) More parking for early auto era centers: Highland Park | (10) First generation auto-oriented centers: HUB, Sun Ray; Second generation: Southdale | ||
| V. 1970s-1980s Public-Private Partnerships in real estate development | (11) Downtown enclosed: IDS Crystal Court; Town Square; Galtier Plaza | (12) Malling of streetcar intersections: Calhoun Square; Broadway and Lyndale; Lake and Minnehaha | (13) Rebuilding where buying power remains; slow abandonment elsewhere | (14) Enclosing & remodeling early centers; expanding prosperous newer centers: Southdale, Rosedale | (15) Riverplace; Bandana Square; Mall of America | |
| VI. 1990s: "Mixed use" developments containing housing, commercial, industrial, professional & personal services. E.g., Edinborough Park, Centennial Lakes. Remodeling of (11)-(15), adding diverse activities. Niche marketing; shop by mail; TV shopping. Income distribution widens; upper-income areas better supplied; low-income areas get even less. Major centers expand; others weaken. | ||||||
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